Oxidative damage is a process in which cells and tissues are harmed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals. ROS are molecules that contain oxygen and have the potential to cause damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids within cells. This damage can lead to various health issues, such as aging, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Research in oxidative damage focuses on understanding how ROS are generated, the mechanisms by which they cause damage, and potential strategies to prevent or repair this damage. This area of research is important for developing new treatments and interventions to protect cells and tissues from oxidative stress.